1. Ro-Ro and Loading Operations
RO-RO TRANSPORTATION:
Transportation of wheeled cargo such as trailers, trucks, or containers via vessels equipped with ramps for rolling on and off operations.
ROLL TRAILER:
A special type of wheeled platform used for carrying containers, project cargo, or oversized loads on Ro-Ro vessels.
RAMP OPERATION:
The operation of loading or unloading vehicles and trailers to/from the vessel via terminal ramps.
STEVEDORING:
Loading and discharging operations of a vessel performed by terminal personnel.
STUFFING / UNSTUFFING:
Stuffing is the loading and stowage of cargo inside a container; unstuffing is the unloading of cargo from the container.
SHIFTING:
Movement of cargo or container from one position to another within the vessel or terminal yard.
2. Terminal and Storage Services
STORAGE SERVICE:
The temporary storage of import, export, transit, reefer, IMDG, oversized, flat rack, or boat containers under terminal supervision within the port area.
STORAGE:
Temporary warehousing of cargo or containers within the port premises.
THC (Terminal Handling Charge):
A general term covering all handling services such as loading/unloading, lifting, shifting, transportation, stacking, and transfer within the terminal area.
CFS (Container Freight Station):
A designated terminal area where container stuffing/unstuffing, customs inspection, and clearance operations are performed.
COVERED WAREHOUSE:
A fully enclosed bonded warehouse located within the customs area of the terminal.
3. Environmental and Waste Management
WASTE RECEPTION FACILITY:
Facility designated for the collection and proper disposal of ship-generated wastes (such as sludge, bilge water, waste oil, garbage, and sewage) in compliance with environmental regulations.
TEMPORARY HAZARDOUS WASTE STORAGE AREA:
A designated area for the safe temporary storage of hazardous waste before recycling or disposal, preventing environmental harm.
4. Transportation and Logistics Terms
INTERMODAL TRANSPORT:
Transport of cargo in the same loading unit (e.g., container or trailer) using multiple transport modes (road, sea, rail) without handling the cargo itself during mode changes.
SWAP BODY:
A detachable freight unit similar to a container but with supporting legs, allowing easy transfer between trucks, trains, or ships in intermodal operations.
TERMINAL TRACTOR:
A specialized vehicle designed for short-distance movement of trailers within port or terminal areas.
IMDG (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code):
International regulation for the classification, packaging, and transport of dangerous goods by sea.
ADR (Accord Dangereux Routier):
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road.
REEFER CONTAINER:
A temperature-controlled (refrigerated) container used for transporting perishable goods such as food or pharmaceuticals.
5. Customs and Documentation Terms
DECLARATION (CUSTOMS DECLARATION):
A document officially submitted to customs authorities declaring the type, quantity, and value of goods being imported or exported.
SUMMARY DECLARATION (ENTRY/EXIT SUMMARY):
A pre-arrival or pre-departure declaration electronically submitted to customs, summarizing cargo details entering or leaving the customs territory.
T1 DOCUMENT:
A transit document used within the EU and common transit countries to ensure customs control during cargo movement.
A.TR CERTIFICATE:
A movement certificate issued for goods in free circulation between Turkey and the European Union under the Customs Union agreement.
TRANSIT PERMIT (ROAD PERMIT):
An official document allowing a vehicle to pass through a foreign country during international road transport.
TEMPORARY ADMISSION:
A customs procedure allowing containers or transport units to temporarily enter the country without payment of duties, provided they are re-exported.
6. Security and Control
X-RAY SCANNING SYSTEM:
A security inspection system used at terminal gates to scan vehicles, containers, or cargo for customs and safety purposes.
SHORE PASS (TERMINAL ACCESS PERMIT):
A temporary access permit granted to personnel entering the terminal area.
7. Freight and Time-Related Terms
DEMURRAGE:
A charge applied when a vessel or container remains beyond the allowed free time for loading or unloading operations.
FREE TIME:
The allowed period during which cargo or containers may stay at the terminal without incurring demurrage charges.
CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor):
A surcharge applied to freight rates to offset currency exchange rate fluctuations.
BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor):
A surcharge applied to compensate for fluctuations in fuel (bunker) prices.
PREMIUM (PRIMAJ):
An additional fee applied by shipowners to reduce operational or market risk, often used in export freight rates.
8. Shipping Roles and Key Actors
SHIPOWNER (ARMATÖR):
The person or company owning and operating a vessel, acting as the carrier.
AGENT (SHIPPING AGENT):
A company or representative acting on behalf of the shipowner or carrier at a specific port.
FORWARDER (FREIGHT FORWARDER):
A logistics organizer arranging multimodal transport, customs, insurance, and documentation services.
NVOCC (Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier):
A carrier that organizes sea transport without owning vessels, often issuing its own House Bill of Lading.
CO-LOADER:
A forwarder that consolidates other forwarders’ cargo with its own for shipment under a single booking.
BROKER:
An intermediary who arranges cargo and vessel space between shippers and shipowners, typically working on a commission basis.
